Rathod SD, Klausner JD, Krupp K, Reingold AL, Madhivanan P. Epidemiologic features of vulvovaginal candidiasis among reproductive-age women in India, infect. Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/859071.

Article  Google Scholar 

Johal HS, Garg T, Rath G, Goyal AK. Advanced topical drug delivery system for the management of vaginal candidiasis. Drug Deliv. 2016. https://doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2014.928760.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Saporiti AM, Gómez D, Levalle S, et al. Candidiasis vaginal: etiología y perfil de sensibilidad a agentes antifúngicos de uso clínico [Vaginal candidiasis: etiology and sensitivity profile to antifungal agents in clinical use]. Rev Argent Microbiol. 2001;33:217–22.

PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Pérez-González N, De Febrer NB, Calpena-Campmany AC, Nardi-Ricart A, Rodríguez-Lagunas MJ, Morales-Molina JA, Soriano-Ruiz JL, Fernández-Campos F, Clares-Naveros B. New formulations loading caspofungin for topical therapy of vulvovaginal candidiasis. Gels. 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels7040259.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rodero CF, Fioramonti Calixto GM, Cristina Dos Santos K, Sato MR, Aparecido Dos Santos Ramos M, Miró MS, Rodríguez E, Vigezzi C, Bauab TM, Sotomayor CE, Chorilli M. Curcumin-Loaded Liquid Crystalline systems for Controlled Drug Release and Improved Treatment of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis. Mol Pharm. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00507.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hashemi SE, Shokohi T, Abastabar M, Aslani N, Ghadamzadeh M, Haghani I. Species distribution and susceptibility profiles of Candida species isolated from vulvovaginal candidiasis, emergence of C. Lusitaniae. Curr Med Mycol. 2019. https://doi.org/10.18502/CMM.5.4.2062.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mendling W, El Shazly MA, Zhang L. Clotrimazole for vulvovaginal candidosis: more than 45 years of clinical experience. Pharmaceuticals. 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph13100274.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Farr A, Effendy I, Frey Tirri B, Hof H, Mayser P, Petricevic L, Ruhnke M, Schaller M, Schaefer APA, Sustr V, Willinger B, Mendling W. Guideline: Vulvovaginal candidosis. Mycoses. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1111/MYC.13248.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Young GL, Jewell D. Topical treatment for vaginal candidiasis in pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000225.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fan S, Liu X, Wu C, Xu L, Li J. Vaginal nystatin versus oral fluconazole for the treatment for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Mycopathologia. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-014-9827-4.

Sobel JD, Ferris D, Schwebke J, Nyirjesy P, Wiesenfeld HC, Peipert J, Soper D, Ohmit SE, Hillier SL. Suppressive antibacterial therapy with 0.75% metronidazole vaginal gel to prevent recurrent bacterial vaginosis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AJOG.2005.11.041.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Francois M, Snoeckx E, Putteman P, Wouters F, De Proost E, Delaet U, Peeters J, Brewster ME. A mucoadhesive, cyclodextrin-based vaginal cream formulation of itraconazole. AAPS PharmSci. 2003. https://doi.org/10.1208/PS050105.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Phillips NA, Bachmann G, Haefner H, Martens M, Stockdale C. Topical treatment of recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: An Expert Consensus women’s Heal. Reports. 2022. https://doi.org/10.1089/WHR.2021.0065.

Article  Google Scholar 

Govindarajan A, Bistas KG, Ingold CJ, Aboeed A. Fluconazole. 7th ed. Kucers The Use of Antibiotics. 2022; pp. 2756–2785. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024. Bookshelf ID: NBK537158.

Ghannoum MA, Rice LB. Antifungal agents: mode of action, mechanisms of resistance, and correlation of these mechanisms with bacterial resistance. Clin Microbiol Rev. 1999. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.12.4.501.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mishra R, Joshi P, Mehta T. Formulation, development and characterization of mucoadhesive film for treatment of vaginal candidiasis. Int J Pharm Investig. 2016. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-973X.176487.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Singhvi G, Manchanda P, Hans N, Dubey SK, Gupta G. Microsponge: an emerging drug delivery strategy. Drug Dev Res. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1002/ddr.21492.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tiwari A, Tiwari V, Palaria B, et al. Microsponges: a breakthrough tool in pharmaceutical research. Futur J Pharm Sci. 2022;8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43094-022-00421-9.

Amrutiya N, Bajaj A, Madan M. Development of microsponges for topical delivery of mupirocin. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2009. https://doi.org/10.1208/S12249-009-9220-7.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bothiraja C, Gholap AD, Shaikh KS, Pawar AP. Investigation of ethyl cellulose microsponge gel for topical delivery of eberconazole nitrate for fungal therapy. Ther Deliv. 2014. https://doi.org/10.4155/TDE.14.43.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Junqueira MV, Bruschi ML. A review about the drug delivery from Microsponges. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1208/S12249-018-0976-5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bhuptani RS, Patravale VB. Starch microsponges for enhanced retention and efficacy of topical sunscreen. Mater Sci Eng C. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MSEC.2019.109882.

Article  Google Scholar 

Wasilewska K, Winnicka K. Ethylcellulose-A Pharmaceutical Excipient with multidirectional application in Drug Dosage Forms Development. Mater. 2019. https://doi.org/10.3390/MA12203386.

Article  Google Scholar 

Moin A, Deb T, Osmani RM, Bhosale R, Hani U. Fabrication, characterization, and evaluation of microsponge delivery system for facilitated fungal therapy. J Basic Clin Pharm. 2016. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-0105.177705.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pandit AP, Patel SA, Bhanushali VP, Kulkarni VS, Kakad VD. Nebivolol-loaded Microsponge Gel for Healing of Diabetic Wound. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1208/S12249-016-0574-3.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bhatia M, Saini M. Formulation and evaluation of curcumin microsponges for oral and topical drug delivery. Prog Biomater. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1007/S40204-018-0099-9.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Obiedallah MM, Abdel-Mageed AM, Elfaham TH. Ocular administration of acetazolamide microsponges in situ gel formulations. Saudi Pharm J. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JSPS.2018.01.005.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Khattab A, Nattouf A. Optimization of entrapment efficiency and release of clindamycin in microsponge based gel. Sci Rep. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02826-7.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sareen R, Nath K, Jain N, Dhar KL. Curcumin loaded microsponges for colon targeting in inflammatory bowel disease: fabrication, optimization, and in vitro and pharmacodynamic evaluation. Biomed Res Int. 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/340701.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shahzad Y, Saeed S, Ghori MU, Mahmood T, Yousaf AM, Jamshaid M, Sheikh R, Rizvi SAA. Influence of Polymer ratio and surfactants on controlled drug release from cellulosic microsponges. Int J Biol Macromol. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJBIOMAC.2017.11.089.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cirri M, Maestrelli F, Scuota S, Bazzucchi V, Mura P. Development and microbiological evaluation of chitosan and chitosan-alginate microspheres for vaginal administration of metronidazole. Int J Pharm. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJPHARM.2021.120375.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Osmałek T, Froelich A, Jadach B, Tatarek A, Gadzinski P, Falana A, Gralinska K, Ekert M, Puri V, Wrotynska-Barczynska J, Michniak-Kohn B. Recent advances in polymer-based Vaginal Drug Delivery systems. Pharmaceutics. 2021. https://doi.org/10.3390/PHARMACEUTICS13060884.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Klemetsrud T, Jonassen H, Hiorth M, Kjoniksen AL, Smistad G. Studies on pectin-coated liposomes and their interaction with mucin. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.COLSURFB.2012.10.012.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Karagianni A, Peltonen L. Production of Itraconazole Nanocrystal-based polymeric Film formulations for Immediate Drug Release. Pharmaceutics. 2020. https://doi.org/10.3390/PHARMACEUTICS12100960.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kumar L, Reddy MS, Shirodkar RK, Pai GK, Krishna VT, Verma R. Preparation and characterisation of fluconazole vaginal films for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2013;75:585–90.

PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Baloglu E, Ozyazici M, Hizarcioglu SY, Karavana HA. An in vitro investigation for vaginal bioadhesive formulations: bioadhesive properties and swelling states of polymer mixtures. Farmaco. 2003. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-827X(03)00044-2.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alam MA, Ahmad FJ, Khan ZI, Khar RK, Ali M. Development and evaluation of acid-buffering bioadhesive vaginal tablet for mixed vaginal infections. AAPS PharmSciTech. 2007. https://doi.org/10.1208/PT0804109.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Akil A, ParniakMA, Dezzutti CS, Moncla BJ, Cost MR, Li M, Rohan LC. Development and characterization of a vaginal Film Containing Dapivirine, a non- nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), for prevention of HIV-1 sexual transmission. Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2011. https://doi.org/10.1007/S13346-011-0022-6.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central