Yang CK, Teng A, Lee DY, Rose K. Pulmonary complications after major abdominal surgery: National Surgical Quality Improvement Program analysis. J Surg Res 2015; 198: 441–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2015.03.028

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Miskovic A, Lumb AB. Postoperative pulmonary complications. Br J Anaesth 2017; 118: 317–34. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aex002

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Belcher AW, Leung S, Cohen B, et al. Incidence of complications in the post-anesthesia care unit and associated healthcare utilization in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery requiring neuromuscular blockade 2005-2013: a single center study. J Clin Anesth 2017; 43: 33–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2017.09.005

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bartels K, Kaizer A, Jameson L, Bullard K, Dingmann C, Fernandez-Bustamante A. Hypoxemia within the first 3 postoperative days is associated with increased 1-year postoperative mortality after adjusting for perioperative opioids and other confounders. Anesth Analg 2020; 131: 555–63. https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000004553

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Egbuta C, Mason KP. Recognizing risks and optimizing perioperative care to reduce respiratory complications in the pediatric patient. J Clin Med 2020; 9: 1942. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061942

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lieutaud T, Billard V, Khalaf H, Debaene B. Muscle relaxation and increasing doses of propofol improve intubating conditions. Can J Anesth 2003; 50: 121–6. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf03017842

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

de Souza CM, Romero FE, Tardelli MA. Assessment of neuromuscular blockade in children at the time of block reversal and the removal of the endotracheal tube. Rev Bras Anestesiol 2011; 61: 145–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0034-7094(11)70019-8

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Klucka J, Kosinova M, Krikava I, Stoudek R, Toukalkova M, Stourac P. Residual neuromuscular block in paediatric anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 2019; 122: e1–2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2018.10.001

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ruetzler K, Li K, Chhabada S, et al. Sugammadex versus neostigmine for reversal of residual neuromuscular blocks after surgery: a retrospective cohort analysis of postoperative side effects. Anesth Analg 2022; 134: 1043–53. https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000005842

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schmidt M, Rössler J, Brooker J, et al. Postoperative oxygenation assessed by SpO2/FiO2 ratio and respiratory complications after reversal of neuromuscular block with sugammadex or neostigmine: a retrospective cohort study. J Clin Anesth 2023; 88: 111138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2023.111138

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schmidt MT, Paredes S, Rössler J, et al. Postoperative risk of transfusion after reversal of residual neuromuscular block with sugammadex versus neostigmine: a retrospective cohort study. Anesth Analg 2023; 136: 745–52. https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000006275

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bulka CM, Terekhov MA, Martin BJ, Dmochowski RR, Hayes RM, Ehrenfeld JM. Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents, reversal, and risk of postoperative pneumonia. Anesthesiology 2016; 125: 647–55. https://doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000001279

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gaver RS, Brenn BR, Gartley A, Donahue BS. Retrospective analysis of the safety and efficacy of sugammadex versus neostigmine for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade in children. Anesth Analg 2019; 129: 1124–9. https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000004207

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Booij LH. Cyclodextrins and the emergence of sugammadex. Anaesthesia 2009; 64: 31–7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2008.05868.x

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Paton F, Paulden M, Chambers D, et al. Sugammadex compared with neostigmine/glycopyrrolate for routine reversal of neuromuscular block: a systematic review and economic evaluation. Br J Anaesth 2010; 105: 558–67. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeq269

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Togioka BM, Yanez D, Aziz MF, Higgins JR, Tekkali P, Treggiari MM. Randomised controlled trial of sugammadex or neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular block on the incidence of pulmonary complications in older adults undergoing prolonged surgery. Br J Anaesth 2020; 124: 553–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bja.2020.01.016

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jammer I, Wickboldt N, Sander M, et al. Standards for definitions and use of outcome measures for clinical effectiveness research in perioperative medicine: European Perioperative Clinical Outcome (EPCO) definitions: a statement from the ESA-ESICM Joint Taskforce on perioperative outcome measures. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2015; 32: 88–105. https://doi.org/10.1097/eja.0000000000000118

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Austin PC, Stuart EA. Moving towards best practice when using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) using the propensity score to estimate causal treatment effects in observational studies. Stat Med 2015; 34: 3661–79. https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.6607

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Turan A, Esa WA, Rivas E, et al. Tidal volume and positive end-expiratory pressure and postoperative hypoxemia during general anesthesia: a single-center multiple crossover factorial cluster trial. Anesthesiology 2022; 137: 406–17. https://doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000004342

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ray S, Rogers L, Pagel C, Raman S, Peters MJ, Ramnarayan P. PaO2/FIO2 ratio derived from the SpO2/FIO2 ratio to improve mortality prediction using the pediatric index of mortality-3 score in transported intensive care admissions. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2017; 18: e131–6. https://doi.org/10.1097/pcc.0000000000001075

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Khemani RG, Patel NR, Bart RD 3rd, Newth CJ. Comparison of the pulse oximetric saturation/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio and the PaO2/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio in children. Chest 2009; 135: 662–8. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.08-2239

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rice TW, Wheeler AP, Bernard GR, Hayden DL, Schoenfeld DA, Ware LB. Comparison of the SpO2/FIO2 ratio and the PaO2/FIO2 ratio in patients with acute lung injury or ARDS. Chest 2007; 132: 410–7. https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.07-0617

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lu X, Jiang L, Chen T, et al. Continuously available ratio of SpO2/FIO2 serves as a noninvasive prognostic marker for intensive care patients with COVID-19. Respir Res 2020; 21: 194. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-020-01455-4

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Catoire P, Tellier E, de la Rivière C, et al. Assessment of the SpO2/FIO2 ratio as a tool for hypoxemia screening in the emergency department. Am J Emerg Med 2021; 44: 116–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2021.01.092

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Festic E, Bansal V, Kor DJ, Gajic O. SpO2/FIO2 ratio on hospital admission is an indicator of early acute respiratory distress syndrome development among patients at risk. J Intensive Care Med 2015; 30: 209–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/0885066613516411

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Turan A, Esa WA, Rivas E, et al. Tidal volume and positive end-expiratory pressure and postoperative hypoxemia during general anesthesia: a single-center multiple crossover factorial cluster trial. Anesthesiology 2022; 137: 406–17. https://doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000004342

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Beltran RJ, Mpody C, Nafiu OO, Tobias JD. Association of sugammadex or neostigmine with major postoperative pulmonary complications in children. Anesth Analg 2022; 135: 1041–7. https://doi.org/10.1213/ane.0000000000005872

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Li L, Jiang Y, Zhang W. Sugammadex for fast-track surgery in children undergoing cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 35: 1388–92. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2020.08.069