Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

The study was approved by the institutional review board of our institution (IRB No. 2025-04-024), and the requirement for written consent was waived by the institutional review board. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration as revised in 2013 and its later amendments.

Consent for Publication

The institutional review board at our institution approved this retrospective study, and the requirement to obtain informed consent was waived.

Conflict of interest

Ji-Young Kim, Seo Young Kang, Byung Seok Moon, Bom Sahn Kim, and Hai-Jeon Yoon declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Declaration of Degenerative AI in Scientific Writing

No artificial intelligence tools were used in the preparation of this manuscript.