Clark SLHM, Chan RF, et al. A methylation study of long-term depression risk. Mol Psychiatry. 2020;25(6):1334–43.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

VG F. Pharmacological sex hormone manipulation as a risk model for depression. J Neurosci Res. 2020;98(7):1283–92.

Article  Google Scholar 

Zhdanava M, Pilon D, Ghelerter I, Chow W, Joshi K, Lefebvre P, Sheehan JJ. The prevalence and national burden of treatment-resistant depression and major depressive disorder in the United States. J Clin Psychiatry. 2021;82(2):29169.

Article  Google Scholar 

Gharraee BTK, Sheybani F, et al. Prevalence of major depressive disorder in the general population of Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2019;33:151.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kraus CKB, Lanzenberger R, Zarate CA Jr, Kasper S. Prognosis and improved outcomes in major depression: a review. TranslPsychiatry. 2019;9(1):127.

Google Scholar 

Bialek KCP, Strycharz J, Sliwinski T. Major depressive disorders accompanying autoimmune diseases-response to treatment.Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2019;95:109678.

Article  Google Scholar 

Lozupone MPF. Social determinants of late-life depression epigenetics. Epigenomics. 2020;12(7):559–62.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sullivan PF, Neale MC, Kendler KS. Genetic epidemiology of major depression: review and meta-analysis. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157(10):1552–62.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Menke A, Klengel T, Binder EB. Epigenetics, depression and antidepressant treatment. Curr Pharm Des. 2012;18(36):5879–89.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Czarny PBK, Zio´lkowska S, Strycharz J, Barszczewska G, Sliwinski T. The importance of epigenetics in diagnostics and treatment of major depressive disorder. J Pers Med. 2021;11(3):167.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhou JLM, Wang X, et al. Drug response-related DNA methylation changes in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. Front Neurosci. 2021;15:674273.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Klinger-K¨onig JHJ, Van der Auwera S, et al. Methylation of the FKBP5 gene in association with FKBP5 genotypes, childhood maltreatment and depression. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2019;44(5):930–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Uher R, Perroud N, Ng MY, Hauser J, Henigsberg N, Maier W, Mors O, Placentino A, Rietschel M, Souery D, et al. Genome-wide pharmacogenetics of antidepressant response in the GENDEP project. Am J Psychiatry. 2010;167(5):555–64.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rush AJ, Trivedi MH, Wisniewski SR, Nierenberg AA, Stewart JW, Warden D, Niederehe G, Thase ME, Lavori PW, Lebowitz BD, et al. Acute and longer-term outcomes in depressed outpatients requiring one or several treatment steps: a STAR*D report. Am J Psychiatry. 2006;163(11):1905–17.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tansey KE, Guipponi M, Hu X, Domenici E, Lewis G, Malafosse A, Wendland JR, Lewis CM, McGuffin P, Uher R. Contribution of common genetic variants to antidepressant response. Biol Psychiatry. 2013;73(7):679–82.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

van Westrhenen R, Aitchison KJ, Ingelman-Sundberg M, Jukić MM. Pharmacogenomics of antidepressant and antipsychotic treatment: how far have we got and where are we going? Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:94.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dam H, Buch DJO, Nielsen BA, Weikop P, Werge, Thomas J, et al. Clinical association to FKBP5 rs1360780 in patients with depression. Psychiatr Genet. 2019;29(6):220–5.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Binder EB. The role of FKBP5, a co-chaperone of the glucocorticoid receptor in the pathogenesis and therapy of affective and anxiety disorders. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2009;34(Suppl 1):S186–195.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alshaya DS. Genetic and epigenetic factors associated with depression: an updated overview. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2022;29(8):103311.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Farrell CDK, Oleary N, et al. DNA methylation differences at the glucocorticoid receptor gene in depression are related to functional alterations in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity and to early life emotional abuse. Psychiatry Res. 2018;265(7):341–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Watanuki TFH, Uchida S, Matsubara T, Kobayashi A, Wakabayashi Y, et al. Increased expression of splicing factor SRp20 mRNA in bipolar disorder patients. J Affect Disord. 2008;110(1–2):62–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cherian KSAF, Keller J. HPA axis in psychotic major depression and schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Cortisol, clinical symptomatology, and cognition. Schizophr Res. 2019;213:72–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Alex FJC, Javier L, et al. FKBP5 polymorphisms and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis negative feedback in major depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. J Psychiatr Res. 2018;104(9):227–34.

Google Scholar 

Nandam LS, Brazel M, Zhou M, Jhaveri DJ. Cortisol and major depressive disorder-translating findings from humans to animal models and back. Front Psychiatry. 2019;10:974.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zobel AW, Nickel T, Sonntag A, Uhr M, Holsboer F, Ising M. Cortisol response in the combined dexamethasone/CRH test as predictor of relapse in patients with remitted depression. A prospective study. J Psychiatr Res. 2001;35(2):83–94.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Szczepankiewicz A, Leszczynska-Rodziewicz A, Pawlak J, Narozna B, Rajewska-Rager A, Wilkosc M, Zaremba D, Maciukiewicz M, Twarowska-Hauser J. FKBP5 polymorphism is associated with major depression but not with bipolar disorder. J Affect Disord. 2014;164:33–7.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fabbri C, Corponi F, Albani D, Raimondi I, Forloni G, Schruers K, Kasper S, Kautzky A, Zohar J, Souery D, et al. Pleiotropic genes in psychiatry: calcium channels and the stress-related FKBP5 gene in antidepressant resistance. Prog Neuro-psychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2018;81:203–10.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Zobel A, Schuhmacher A, Jessen F, Hfels S, Von Widdern O, Metten M, Pfeiffer U, Hanses C, Becker T, Rietschel M, et al. DNA sequence variants of the FKBP5 gene are associated with unipolar depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2010;13(5):649–60.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cattaneo A, Gennarelli M, Uher R, Breen G, Farmer A, Aitchison KJ, Craig IW, Anacker C, Zunsztain PA, McGuffin P, et al. Candidate genes expression profile associated with antidepressants response in the GENDEP study: differentiating between baseline ‘predictors’ and longitudinal ‘targets’. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2013;38(3):377–85.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lekman M, Laje G, Charney D, Rush AJ, Wilson AF, Sorant AJ, Lipsky R, Wisniewski SR, Manji H, McMahon FJ, et al. The FKBP5-gene in depression and treatment response–an association study in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) cohort. Biol Psychiatry. 2008;63(12):1103–10.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kirchheiner J, Lorch R, Lebedeva E, Seeringer A, Roots I, Sasse J, Brockmöller J. Genetic variants in FKBP5 affecting response to antidepressant drug treatment. Pharmacogenomics. 2008;9(7):841–6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Binder EB, Salyakina D, Lichtner P, Wochnik GM, Ising M, Putz B, Papiol S, Seaman S, Lucae S, Kohli MA, et al. Polymorphisms in FKBP5 are associated with increased recurrence of depressive episodes and rapid response to antidepressant treatment. Nat Genet. 2004;36(12):1319–25.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gawlik MMEK, Mende M, et al. Is FKBP5 a genetic marker of affective psychosis? A case control study and analysis of disease related traits. BMC Psychiatry. 2006;6:52.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yan Y, Jingping Z, Dong Y. Non-association between tacrolimus binding protein 5 gene polymorphisms and major depressive disorder in Chinese Han population. Chin J Psychiatry. 2012;45:218–22.

Google Scholar 

Papiol S, Arias B, Gasto C, Gutierrez B, Catalan R, Fananas L. Genetic variability at HPA axis in major depression and clinical response to antidepressant treatment. J Affect Disord. 2007;104(1–3):83–90.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tsai SJ, Hong CJ, Chen TJ, Yu YW. Lack of supporting evidence for a genetic association of the FKBP5 polymorphism and response to antidepressant treatment. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2007;144b(8):1097–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yang C, Li S, Ma Y, Chen B, Li M, Bosker FJ, Li J, Nolte IM. Lack of association of FKBP5 SNPs and haplotypes with susceptibility and treatment response phenotypes in Han Chinese with major depressive disorder A pilot case-control study (STROBE). Medicine 2021, 100(36).

Ising M, Maccarrone G, Brückl T, Scheuer S, Hennings J, Holsboer F, Turck CW, Uhr M, Lucae S. FKBP5 gene expression predicts antidepressant treatment outcome in Depression. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(3):485–97.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Uher R, Huezo-Diaz P, Perroud N, Smith R, Rietschel M, Mors O, Hauser J, Maier W, Kozel D, Henigsberg N, et al. Genetic predictors of response to antidepressants in the GENDEP project. Pharmacogenom J. 2009;9(4):225–33.