Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern and the Detection of mecA Gene among Staphylococcus spp. Isolates from a Tertiary Care Hospital in North Karnataka

Tong SYC, Davis JS, Eichenberger E, Holland TL, Fowler VG (2015) Staphylococcus aureus infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Clin Microbiol Rev 28(3):603–661. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00134-14

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ajantha GS, Kulkarni RD, Shetty J, Shubhada C, Jain P (2008) Phenotypic detection of inducible clindamycin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus isolates by using the lower limit of recommended inter-disk distance. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 51(3):376. https://doi.org/10.4103/0377-4929.42515

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Soodabeh R, Mojtaba M, Saeed S, Maryam T, Zahra F (2013) Comparison of mecA gene-based PCR with CLSI cefoxitin and oxacillin disc diffusion methods for detecting methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates. Afr J Microbiol Res 7(21):2438–2441. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJMR2013.2525

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Sahebnasagh R, Saderi H, Owlia P (2014) The prevalence of resistance to methicillin in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from patients by PCR method for detection of mecA and nuc genes. Iran J Public Health 43(1):84–92

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Fateh RMB, Zohreh M, Fermisk R (2009) Antibiotic susceptibility pattern among Staphylococcus spp. with emphasis on detection of mecA gene in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Iran J Clin Infect 4(3):143–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2008.05.729

Article  Google Scholar 

Rajkumar S, Sistla S, Manoharan M, Sugumar M, Nagasundaram N, Parija SC et al (2017) Prevalence and genetic mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus Species: a multicentre report of the Indian council of medical research antimicrobial resistance surveillance network. Indian J Med Microbiol 35(1):53–60. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_16_427

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Becker K, Heilmann C, Peters G (2014) Coagulase-negative staphylococci. Clin Microbiol Rev 27(4):870–926. https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00109-13

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

ICMR (2023) AMR Surveillance Network, Indian Council of Medical Research 2022. Available at: AMRSN Annual Report 2022. https://main.icmr.nic.in/sites/default/files/upload_documents/AMRSN_Annual_Report_2022.pdf.

Brakstad OG, Aasbakk K, Maeland JA (1992) Detection of Staphylococcus aureus by polymerase chain reaction amplification of the nuc gene. J Clin Microbiol 30(7):1654–1660. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.30.7.1654-1660.1992

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhang K, Sparling J, Chow BL, Elsayed S, Hussain Z, Church DL (2004) New quadriplex PCR assay for detection of methicillin and mupirocin resistance and simultaneous discrimination of Staphylococcus aureus from coagulase-negative staphylococci. J Clin Microbiol 42(11):4947–4955. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.42.11.4947-4955.2004

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Adeiza SS, Onaolapo JA, Olayinka BO (2020) Genetic profiling of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an African hospital by multiplex-PCR. J Microbiol Infect Dis. https://doi.org/10.5799/jmid.790286

Article  Google Scholar 

Oliveira DC, Tomasz A, de Lencastre H (2002) Secrets of success of a human pathogen: molecular evolution of pandemic clones of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Lancet Infect Dis 2(3):180–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(02)00227-X

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chambers HF (1997) Methicillin resistance in staphylococci: molecular and biochemical basis and clinical implications. Clin Microbiol Rev 10(4):781–791. https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.10.4.781

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Chambers HF, DeLeo FR (2009) Waves of resistance: Staphylococcus aureus in the antibiotic era. Nat Rev Microbiol 7(9):629–641. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2200

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Borg MA, Camilleri L (2021) What is driving the epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in Europe? Microb Drug Resist 27(7):889–894. https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2020.0259

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Loganathan A, Nachimuthu R (2022) Antibiotic resistance, biofilm forming ability, and clonal profiling of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from southern and northeastern India. Asian Biomed 16(4):191–199. https://doi.org/10.2478/abm-2022-0023

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Wang B, Xu Y, Zhao H, Wang X, Rao L, Guo Y et al (2023) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in China: a multicentre longitudinal study and whole-genome sequencing. Emerg Microbes Infect 11(1):532–542. https://doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.2032373

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Khan S, Marasa BS, Sung K, Nawaz M (2021) Genotypic characterization of clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from Pakistan. Pathogens 10(8):918. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10080918

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lee AS, de Lencastre H, Garau J, Kluytmans J, Malhotra Kumar S, Peschel A et al (2018) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Nat Rev Dis Primers 4(1):18033. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2018.33

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mendem SK, Gangadhara TA, Shivannavar CT, Gaddad SM (2016) Antibiotic resistance patterns of Staphylococcus aureus: a multicenter study from India. Microb Pathog 98:167–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2016.07.010

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

World Health Organization (2024) WHO Bacterial Priority Pathogens List, 2024: bacterial pathogens of public health importance to guide research, development, and strategies to prevent and control antimicrobial resistance. Geneva: World Health Organization. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO

Murray CJ, Ikuta KS, Sharara F, Swetschinski L, Robles AG, Gray A et al (2022) Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet 399(10325):629–655. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02724-0

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Nogrady B (2023) The fight against antimicrobial resistance. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-03912-8

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tiwari H (2008) High prevalence of multidrug-resistant MRSA in a tertiary care hospital of Northern India. Infect Drug Resist. https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s4105

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Karmakar A, Dua P, Ghosh C (2016) Biochemical and molecular analysis of Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates from hospitalized patients. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2016:9041636. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/9041636

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Weinstein MP (2018) M100-performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing, 28th edition. Clinical and Laboratory, ISBN 978-1-56238-838-6

Magiorakos AP et al (2012) Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant, and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. CMI 18(3):268–281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03570.x

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dashti AA, Jadaon MM, Abdulsamad AM, Dashti HM (2009) Heat treatment of bacteria: a simple method of DNA extraction for molecular techniques. Kuwait Med J 44(2):117–122

Google Scholar 

Rodloff A, Bauer T, Ewig S, Kujath P, Müller E (2008) Susceptible, intermediate, and resistant—the intensity of antibiotic action. Dtsch Arztebl Int 105(39):657–662. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2008.0657

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gudding R (1983) Differentiation of staphylococci on the basis of nuclease properties. J Clin Microbiol 18(5):1098–1101. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.18.5.1098-1101.1983

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shittu A, Lin J, Morrison D, Kolawole D (2006) Identification and molecular characterization of mannitol salt positive, coagulase-negative staphylococci from nasal samples of medical personnel and students. J Med Microbiol 55(3):317–324. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.46072-0

Article  CAS  PubMed  G

Comments (0)

No login
gif