BACKGROUND As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies rapidly evolve in healthcare, their integration into primary care presents both opportunities and challenges. In Switzerland, where primary care serves as the cornerstone of the healthcare system, understanding physicians’ perspectives on AI implementation is crucial for successful adoption. Despite increasing pressure from administrative burdens and growing patient complexity, there is limited data on Swiss primary care physicians’ readiness and attitudes toward AI integration.

METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey among Swiss primary care physicians between August and September 2024. The survey assessed knowledge levels, attitudes, perceived benefits, concerns, and implementation preferences regarding AI in clinical practice. Of 159 respondents, 97.41% were from German-speaking regions, representing diverse practice settings and experience levels. The survey included structured questions on demographics, AI familiarity, potential applications, and implementation prerequisites.

RESULTS Despite relatively low self-reported AI knowledge (52.9% reporting low familiarity), most respondents (69.03%) expressed positive attitudes toward AI integration in primary care. Administrative support (80%), image analysis (73.55%), and medication management (64.52%) were identified as priority areas for implementation. While 78.06% anticipated administrative relief benefits, significant concerns existed regarding accuracy (77.42%) and technology dependence (64.52%). Notably, 83.01% expressed interest in AI-specific education, indicating strong motivation for professional development in this area.

DISCUSSION Our findings reveal a striking contrast between limited AI knowledge and positive implementation attitudes among Swiss primary care physicians. This suggests a significant opportunity for targeted educational interventions. The strong preference for administrative applications indicates a practical approach to initial AI integration, addressing immediate practice needs while building confidence for more complex clinical applications.

CONCLUSION Swiss primary care physicians demonstrate openness to AI integration despite limited current knowledge, particularly for administrative tasks. Successful implementation will require structured educational programs, clear legal frameworks, and systems that prioritize both accuracy and physician autonomy. Future research should focus on developing implementation strategies that address identified concerns while leveraging the strong interest in professional development.

The authors have declared no competing interest.

This study did not receive any funding

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