Silence in Metaverse Counseling

Cho, S. H., Lee, S. C., Kang, J. E., Han, X. H., & Lee, S. M. (2022). A pilot study on process and effectiveness of counseling service in the metaverse platform. Journal of Educational Therapist, 14(2), 287–312. https://doi.org/10.35185/KJET.14.2.8

Article  Google Scholar 

Cho, S., Kang, J., Baek, W. H., Jeong, Y. B., Lee, S., & Lee, S. M. (2023). Comparing counseling outcome for college students: Metaverse and in-person approaches. Psychotherapy Research, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/10503307.2023.2270139

Cuttler, E., Hill, C. E., King, S., & Kivlighan, D. M., Jr. (2019). Productive silence is golden: Predicting changes in client collaboration from process during silence and client attachment style in psychodynamic psychotherapy. Psychotherapy, 56(4), 568.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Daniel, S. I., Folke, S., Lunn, S., Gondan, M., & Poulsen, S. (2018). Mind the gap: In-session silences are associated with client attachment insecurity, therapeutic alliance, and treatment outcome. Psychotherapy Research, 28(2), 203–216.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Frankel, Z. E., Levitt, H. M., Murray, D. M., Greenberg, L. S., & Angus, L. (2006). Assessing silent processes in psychotherapy: An empirically derived categorization system and sampling strategy. Psychotherapy Research, 16(5), 627–638.

Article  Google Scholar 

Ha, C. H., & Shin, H. C. (2014). The effects of counselor’s and client’s counseling expectation and working alliance on session evaluation: Testing actor and partner effects. Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 26(4), 879–901.

Hill, C. E. (Ed.). (2012). Consensual qualitative research: A practical resource for investigating social science phenomena. American Psychological Association.

Hill, C. E., Kline, K. V., O'Connor, S., Morales, K., Li, X., Kivlighan Jr, D. M., & Hillman, J. (2018). Silence is golden: A mixed methods investigation of silence in one case of psychodynamic psychotherapy. Psychotherapy, 56(4), 577.

Horvath, A. O., & Greenberg, L. S. (1989). Development and validation of the working alliance inventory. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 36(2), 223–232. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.36.2.223

Article  Google Scholar 

Hox, J. J. (2013). Multilevel regression and multilevel structural equation modeling. In T. D., Little (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of quantitative methods: Statistical analysis (vol. 2, pp. 281–294). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199934898.001.0001

Hwang, I. H. (2005). The effect of counselor’s self-efficacy, countertransference behavior, and working alliance on the satisfaction of counseling. Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy, 17(3), 547–564. UCI: G704–000523.2005.17.3.001.

Google Scholar 

Ifdil, I., Situmorang, D. D. B., Firman, F., Zola, N., Rangka, I. B., & Fadli, R. P. (2023). Virtual reality in Metaverse for future mental health-helping profession: an alternative solution to the mental health challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Public Health, 45(1), e142–e143.

Im, S., Jo, D., & Lee, S. M. (2024). Exploring the impact of therapeutic presence on working alliance in metaverse counseling. The Counseling Psychologist, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/00110000241234630

Kang, J., Tsai, C. C., & Lee, S. M. (2024). Effects of technological issues on session evaluation in metaverse counseling: The role of psychological symptoms using HLM analysis. Journal of Counseling & Development. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12548

Kenward, M. G., & Roger, J. H. (1997). Small sample inference for fixed effects from restricted maximum likelihood. Biometrics, 53(3) 983–997. https://doi.org/10.2307/2533558

Kim, H. (2023). Seoul’s Wee Center officially introduces Metaverse consultation program ‘MetaForest.’ The Enet News. https://www.enetnews.co.kr/

Kreft, I. G. G. (1996). Are multilevel techniques necessary? An overview, including simulation studies. Unpublished manuscript. Retrieved from http://www.stat.ucla.edu/~kreft/quarterly/quarterly.html

Kreft, I. G. G., & De Leeuw, J. (1998). Introducing multilevel modeling. Sage. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849209366

Ladany, N., Hill, C. E., Thompson, B. J., & O’Brien, K. M. (2004). Therapist perspectives on using silence in therapy: A qualitative study. Counselling and Psychotherapy Research, 4(1), 80–89.

Article  Google Scholar 

Larsen, D. L., Attkisson, C. C., Hargreaves, W. A., & Nguyen, T. D. (1979). Assessment of client/patient satisfaction: Development of a general scale. Evaluation and Program Planning, 2(3), 197–207. https://doi.org/10.1016/0149-7189(79)90094-6

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Levitt, H. M. (1998). Silence in psychotherapy: The meaning and function of pauses. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, York University, Toronto, Ontario

Levitt, H. M. (2001). Sounds of silence in psychotherapy: The categorization of clients’ pauses. Psychotherapy Research, 11(3), 295–309.

Article  Google Scholar 

Levitt, H. M., & Morrill, Z. (2023). Silences in psychotherapy: An integrative meta-analytic research review. Psychotherapy, 60(3), 320–341. https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000480

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lim, N. (2016). Cultural differences in emotion: Differences in emotional arousal level between the East and the West. Integrative Medicine Research, 5(2), 105–109.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

McGraw, K. O., & Wong, S. P. (1996). Forming inferences about some intraclass correlation coefficients. Psychological Methods, 1(1), 30–46. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.1.1.30

Article  Google Scholar 

McKinney, B. C. (1982). The effects of reticence on group interaction. Communication Quarterly, 30(2), 124–128.

Article  Google Scholar 

McNeish, D., & Stapleton, L. M. (2016). Modeling clustered data with very few clusters. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 51(4), 495–518.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Preacher, K. J., Zhang, Z., & Zyphur, M. J. (2011). Alternative methods for assessing mediation in multilevel data: The advantages of multilevel SEM. Structural Equation Modeling, 18(2), 161–182. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2011.557329

Article  Google Scholar 

Sanchez-Burks, J., Lee, F., Choi, I., Nisbett, R., Zhao, S., & Koo, J. (2003). Conversing across cultures: East-West communication styles in work and nonwork contexts. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 363.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Smiley, P. A., & VandeCreek, L. (2005). Problems and solutions with online therapy. In L. VandeCreek & J. B. Allen (Eds.), Innovations in clinical practice: Focus on health & wellness (pp. 187–197). Professional Resource Press/Professional Resource Exchange.

Google Scholar 

St. Clair, R. (2003). The social and cultural construction of silence. Intercultural Communication Studies, 12, 87–91.

Google Scholar 

Stoll, J., Müller, J. A., & Trachsel, M. (2020). Ethical issues in online psychotherapy: A narrative review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10, 993.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Stringer, J. V., Levitt, H. M., Berman, J. S., & Mathews, S. S. (2010). A study of silent disengagement and distressing emotion in psychotherapy. Psychotherapy Research, 20(5), 495–510.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tracey, T. J., & Kokotovic, A. M. (1989). Factor structure of the working alliance inventory. Psychological Assessment: A Journal of Counseling and Clinical Psychology, 1(3), 207–210. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.1.3.207

Article  Google Scholar 

Xu, X., Zou, G., Chen, L., & Zhou, T. (2022). Metaverse space ecological scene design based on multimedia digital technology. Mobile Information Systems, 2022(1), 7539240.

Zilcha-Mano, S., Fisher, H., Dolev-Amit, T., Keefe, J. R., & Barber, J. P. (2023). A systematic review of the association between interpretations and immediate, intermediate, and distal outcomes. Psychotherapy, 60(3), 266–282. https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000479

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Comments (0)

No login
gif