Authors Muhammad Atif Agwan Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia DOI: https://doi.org/10.58397/4y47ht58 Keywords: Sodium hypochlorite, Endodontic treatment, Root-canal irrigation, Apical extrusion Abstract

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is commonly employed in root canal procedures due to its cost-effectiveness and strong antimicrobial characteristics against bacteria, powerful oxidative activity, and the ability to dissolve organic soft tissues. Although NaOCl is effective, accidents involving it can result in a wide range of incidents, from moderate discomfort to fatal incidents. This case report describes a hypochlorite accident that occurred in a healthy 43-year-old female leads to unintended consequences and treatment implications of the unexpected extrusion of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) into the periapical area of the maxillary canine tooth undergoing root canal procedure
caused abrupt onset of intense pain and excessive bleeding from the root canal with progressive swelling and discoloration of the left cheek. The presenting case demonstrates the importance of promptly identifying NaOCl accidents and taking immediate action for effective management, thereby minimizing complications arising from hypochlorite accidents during endodontic treatment.

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