Bao, L. (2005). Reflects on the timing view of life-course theory. Sociological Studies, 4, 120–133.
Bernardi, L., Huinink, J., & Settersten, R. A. (2019). The life course cube: A tool for studying lives. Advances in Life Course Research, 41, Article 100258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2018.11.004
Bidart, C. (2018). How plans change: Anticipation, interferences and unpredict abilities. Advances in Life Course Research, 41, Article 100254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2018.10.007
Brand, M., Young, K. S., Laier, C., Wölfling, K., & Potenza, M. N. (2016). Integrating psychological and neurobiological considerations regarding the development and maintenance of specific internet-use disorders: An interaction of person-affect-cognition-execution (I-PACE) model. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 71, 252–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.033
Cantor, P., Osher, D., Berg, J., Steyer, L., & Rose, T. (2019). Malleability, plasticity, and individuality: How children learn and develop in context. Applied Developmental Science, 23(4), 307–337. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888691.2017.1398649
Chai, X., & Lin, D. (2021). School transition during adolescence: Turning crisis into opportunity. Advances in Psychological Science, 29(5), 864–874. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1042.2021.00864
Chang, S., & Zhang, W. (2013). The developmental assets framework of positive human development: An important approach and field in positive youth development study. Advances in Psychological Science, 21(1), 86–95. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1042.2013.00086
Chang, S., Zhang, L., & Wang, L. (2019). The cumulative effects and relationship model of developmental assets used to reduce adolescent externalizing behaviors. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 51(11), 1244–1255. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1041.2019.01244
Chen, Y., Li, R., Zhang, P., & Liu, X. (2018). The effect of peer attachment on adolescents’ Internet addiction: A moderated mediating effect. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 26(6), 1091–1095. https://doi.org/10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2018.06.009
Chen, Y., Li, R., Zhang, P., & Liu, X. (2019). Headmaster’s autonomy support, involvement, warmth and adolescents’ Internet addiction: A moderated mediating model. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 27(2), 306–310. https://doi.org/10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2019.02.020
China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC). (2025). The 55th China Internet Development Status Statistical Report. Retrieved January 17, 2025. https://cnnic.cn/n4/2025/0117/c208-11228.html
Chun, J. (2018). Conceptualizing effective interventions for smartphone addiction among Korean female adolescents. Children and Youth Services Review, 84, 35–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.11.013
Collins, L. M., & Lanza, S. T. (2009). Latent class and latent transition analysis: With applications in the social, behavioral, and health sciences. John Wiley & Sons.
Deng, L., Yang, M., Yang, Y., Zhou, N., & Li, B. (2022). The relationship between parental autonomy support, parental psychological control, and adolescent Internet addiction: A cross-lagged study. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 20(2), 190–196+254. https://doi.org/10.12139/j.1672-0628.2022.02.007
Ernst, M., Pine, D. S., & Hardin, M. (2006). Triadic model of the neurobiology of motivated behavior in adolescence. Psychological Medicine, 36(3), 299–312. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291705005891
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Fox, J., & Vendemia, M. A. (2016). Selective self–presentation and social comparison through photographs on social networking sites. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 19(10), 593–600. https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2016.0248
Gao, W., & Chen, Z. (2006). A study on psychology and psychotherapy of Internet addiction. Advances in Psychological Science, 14(4), 596–603. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1671-3710.2006.04.018
Guo, H., Liu, F., Liu, W., Lin, X., & Lin, D. (2017). Positive youth development: Theory, practice, and prospective. Journal of Beijing Normal University (Social Sciences), 6, 5–13.
Hou, Q., Guo, M., Wang, L., Lv, H., & Chang, S. (2022). The relationship between school assets and early adolescents’ psychosocial adaptation: A latent transition analysis. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 54(8), 917–930. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1041.2022.00917
Hu, X., Chen, Y., Wang, Z., Huebner, E. S., & Ling, Y. (2023). A latent transition analysis of internet addiction in early adolescents and its contributing factors. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 43(5), 603–631. https://doi.org/10.1177/02724316221116045
Huang, S., Guo, F., Wang, Y., & Chen, Z. (2017). Life events and problematic internet use in adolescence: A moderated mediating effect. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 25(1), 70–74. https://doi.org/10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2017.01.016
Jin, T., Ma, W., Lin, Y., Shen, Z., Hong, B., & Zhao, L. (2023). A cross-lagged analysis of adolescent positive youth development and internet addiction. Modern Preventive Medicine, 50(12), 2191–2194. https://doi.org/10.20043/j.cnki.MPM.202210426
Kardefelt-Winther, D. (2014). A conceptual and methodological critique of internet addiction research: Towards a model of compensatory internet use. Computers in Human Behavior, 31, 351–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.059
Layous, K., Chancellor, J., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2014). Positive activities as protective factors against mental health conditions. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 123(1), 3–12. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0034709
Lerner, R. M., Lerner, J. V., Almerigi, J. B., Theokas, C., Phelps, E., Gestsdottir, S., Naudeau, S., Jelicic, H., Alberts, A., Ma, L., Smith, L. M., Bobek, D. L., Richman-Raphael, D., Simpson, I., Christiansen, E. D., & von Eye, A. (2005). Positive youth development, participation in community youth development programs, and community contributions of fifth-grade adolescents: Findings from the first wave of the 4-H study of positive youth development. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 25(1), 17–71. https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431604272461
Lerner, R. M., Lerner, J. V., Bowers, E. P., & Geldhof, G. J. (2015). Positive youth development and relational-developmental-systems. In W. F. Overton, P. C. Molenaar, & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Handbook of child psychology and developmental science: Theory and method (pp. 607–651). John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118963418.childpsy116
Li, D., Zhang, W., Li, D., & Wang, Y. (2012). Parental behavioral control, psychological control, and aggression and social withdrawal in early adolescents. Psychological Development and Education, 28(2), 201–209.
Li, D., Zhang, W., Li, X., Zhen, S., & Wang, Y. (2010). Stressful life events and problematic internet use by adolescent females and males: A mediated moderation model. Computers in Human Behavior, 26(5), 1199–1207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2010.03.031
Li, Q., Zhou, H., Meng, G., Xiao, J., Hu, K., Wei, P., ... & Liu, X. (2025). Core symptoms and symptom relationships of problematic internet use in children and adolescents: A network analysis. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-025-01455-9
Lin, D., Chai, X., Li, X., Liu, Y., & Weng, H. (2017). The conceptual framework of positive youth development in Chinese context: A qualitative interview study. Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences), 6, 14–22.
Linden, A. (2013). Assessing regression to the mean effects in health care initiatives. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 13, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-13-119
Ling, Y., Hu, H., You, S., Shen, X., Zhu, X., & Zhang, J. (2022). The heterogeneity of Internet addiction in adolescents and related factors: A latent profile analysis. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 30(2), 282–290. https://doi.org/10.16128/j.cnki.1005-3611.2022.02.008
Ling, Y., Zeng, Y., Qu, X., & Wei, Y. (2016). “Defect prevention” and the study of the behavior of left-behind children in light of the theory of positive youth development. Journal of Lanzhou University(social Sciences), 44(4), 171–176.
Liu, Y., Shi, Y., Zhang, L., & Hou, L. (2024). Rumination mediates the relationships between social anxiety and depression with problematic smartphone use in Chinese youth: A longitudinal approach. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-024-01318-9
Lo, Y., Mendell, N. R., & Rubin, D. B. (2001). Testing the number of components in a normal mixture. Biometrika, 88(3), 767–778. https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/88.3.767
Lubke, G., & Muthén, B. O. (2007). Performance of factor mixture models as a function of model size, covariate effects, and class-specific parameters. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 14, 26–47. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705510709336735
Ma, R., Meng, H., Yan, L., Chen, Y., Cao, H., Zhou, N., ... Zhang, J. (2021). Cellphone-specific parenting practices and Chinese adolescents’ cellphone use and addiction: A national survey. Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 19(2), 265–272.
Marchllanes, J., Marquésfeixa, L., Mezquita, L., Fañanás, L., & Moyahigueras, J. (2017). Stressful life events during adolescence and risk for externalizing and internalizing psychopathology: A meta–analysis. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 26(12), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-017-0996-9
Oberst, U., Wegmann, E., Stodt, B., Brand, M., & Chamarro, A. (2017). Negative consequences from heavy social networking in adolescents: The mediating role of fear of missing out. Journal of Adolescence, 55, 51–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.12.008
Peugh, J., & Fan, X. T. (2013). Modeling unobserved heterogeneity using latent profile analysis: A Monte Carlo simulation. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 20, 616–639. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2013.824780
Qiao, S., Li, Y., & Liu, L. (2020). A network meta-analysis of the intervention effect of various measures on adolescents’ Internet addiction. Chinese Journal of School Health, 41(8), 1167–1173. https://doi.org/10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.08.013
Comments (0)