Kyvsgaard JN, Chawes BL, Horner DLG et al (2023) Risk factors and age-related patterns of asthma-like symptoms in early childhood. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 11(1773–1784):e10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2023.02.031
Jarvis D, Newson R, Janson C et al (2018) Prevalence of asthma-like symptoms with ageing. Thorax 73:37–48. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209596
Sockrider M, Fussner L (2020) What is asthma? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 202:P25–P26. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.2029P25
Collaborators GBDCRD (2023) Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990–2019: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. EClinicalMedicine 59:101936. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101936
Le H, Le An P, Vinh NN et al (2023) Burden of asthma-like symptoms and a lack of recognition of asthma in Vietnamese children. J Asthma 60:516–524. https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2022.2066002
Aaron SD, Vandemheen KL, FitzGerald JM et al (2017) Reevaluation of diagnosis in adults with physician-diagnosed asthma. JAMA 317:269–279. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2016.19627
Urbankowski T, Przybylowski T (2022) Blood eosinophils, FeNO and small airways dysfunction in predicting airway hyperresponsiveness in patients with asthma-like symptoms. J Asthma 59:1376–1386. https://doi.org/10.1080/02770903.2021.1923741
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Shafiq I, Uzbeck MH, Zoumot Z et al (2021) Correlation between reduced FEF25-75% and a positive methacholine challenge test in adults with nonobstructive baseline spirometry. Pulm Med 2021:6959322. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6959322
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Bao W, Zhang X, Lv C et al (2018) The value of fractional exhaled nitric oxide and forced mid-expiratory flow as predictive markers of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in adults with chronic cough. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 6:1313–1320. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2017.09.026
Cirillo I, Schiavetti I, Ricciardolo FLM et al (2023) The practical role of FEF(25–75) in young patients with allergic rhinitis. Am J Rhinol Allergy 37:571–574. https://doi.org/10.1177/19458924231182272
Crapo RO, Casaburi R, Coates AL et al (2000) Guidelines for methacholine and exercise challenge testing-1999. this official statement of the american thoracic society was adopted by the ats board of directors, july 1999. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 161:309–329. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.161.1.ats11-99
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Joos GF, O’Connor B, Anderson SD et al (2003) Indirect airway challenges. Eur Respir J 21:1050–1068. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.03.00008403
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Qin R, An J, Xie J et al (2021) FEF25–75% Is a more sensitive measure reflecting airway dysfunction in patients with asthma: a comparison study using FEF25–75% and FEV1%. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 9:3649–3649. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2021.06.027
Ciprandi G, Cirillo I (2019) The pragmatic role of FEF(25–75) in asymptomatic subjects, allergic rhinitis, asthma, and in military setting. Expert Rev Respir Med 13:1147–1151. https://doi.org/10.1080/17476348.2019.1674649
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Quanjer PH, Stanojevic S, Cole TJ et al (2012) Multi-ethnic reference values for spirometry for the 3–95-yr age range: the global lung function 2012 equations. Eur Respir J 40:1324–1343. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00080312
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Jian W, Gao Y, Hao C et al (2017) Reference values for spirometry in Chinese aged 4–80 years. J Thorac Dis 9:4538–4549. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2017.10.110
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Malerba M, Radaeli A, Olivini A et al (2016) Association of FEF25-75% impairment with bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation in subjects with asthma-like symptoms. Respiration 91:206–214. https://doi.org/10.1159/000443797
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Raji H, Haddadzadeh Shoushtari M, Idani E et al (2018) Forced expiratory flow at 25–75% as a marker for airway hyper responsiveness in adult patients with asthma-like symptoms. Tanaffos 17:90–95
PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ciprandi G, Schiavetti I (2024) Role of FEF25-75 in characterizing outpatients with asthma in clinical practice. Allergol Select 8:12–17. https://doi.org/10.5414/ALX02453E
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ciprandi G, Tosca M, Signori A et al (2011) Bronchial hyperreactivity in patients with allergic rhinitis: forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of vital capacity might be a predictive factor. Allergy Asthma Proc 32:4–8. https://doi.org/10.2500/aap.2011.32.3425
Moher D, Shamseer L, Clarke M et al (2015) Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Syst Rev 4:1. https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-4-1
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Coates AL, Wanger J, Cockcroft DW et al (2017) ERS technical standard on bronchial challenge testing: general considerations and performance of methacholine challenge tests. Eur Respir J 49:1601526. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01526-2016
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Pulmonary Function Specialty Group of the Chinese Society of Respiratory Diseases (2014) Guidelines for pulmonary function tests (Part III) - histamine and acetylcholine bronchial provocation test. Chin J Tubere Respir Dis 37:566–571. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2014.08.003
Miller M, Hankinson J, Brusasco V et al (2005) Standardisation of spirometry. Eur Respir J 26:319–338. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.05.00034805
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Society AT (1995) Standardization of spirometry, 1994 update. american thoracic Society. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 152:1107–1136. https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.152.3.7663792
Pulmonary Function Specialty Group of the Chinese Society of Respiratory Diseases (2014) Guidelines for Pulmonary Function Tests (Part II) - Spirometry. Chin J Tubere Respir Dis 37:481–86. https://doi.org/10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2014.07.001
Whiting PF, Rutjes AW, Westwood ME et al (2011) QUADAS-2: a revised tool for the quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies. Ann Intern Med 155:529–536. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00009
Dinnes J, Deeks J, Kirby J et al (2005) A methodological review of how heterogeneity has been examined in systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy. Health Technol Assess 9(1–113):iii. https://doi.org/10.3310/hta9120
Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ et al (2003) Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed) 327:557–560. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557
Boulet LP, Boulay M, Côté A et al (2023) Airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in subjects with respiratory symptoms and normal spirometry. Eur Respir J 61:2201194. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01194-2022
Zhou MJ, Huang YD, Lin L et al (2007) The predicting value of small airway diseases for asthma in patients with chronic cough. Chinese J Practical Int Med 27:1370–1372. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1005-2194.007.17.015
Lin L, Tao XN, Peng Y et al (2008) Preliminary study of the predicting value of small airway function examination for airway hyperre-sponsiveness. J Clin Int Med 25:753–756. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1001-9057.2008.11.010
Comments (0)