Kim SY, Solomon DH. Tumor necrosis factor blockade and the risk of viral infection. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2010;6:165–74.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Rosenblum MD, Remedios KA, Abbas AK. Mechanisms of human autoimmunity. J Clin Invest. 2015;125:2228–33.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sayar Z, Moll R, Isenberg D, Cohen H. Thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome: a practical guide to diagnosis and management. Thromb Res [Internet]. Elsevier Ltd; 2021;198:213–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2020.10.010

Walter IJ, Klein Haneveld MJ, Lely AT, Bloemenkamp KWM, Limper M, Kooiman J. Pregnancy outcome predictors in antiphospholipid syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev [Internet]. Elsevier B.V.; 2021;20:102901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102901

Guan C, Zhao F, Yang Z, Tang Q, Wang L, Li X, et al. A review of key cytokines based on gene polymorphism in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2022;87:5–7.

Article  Google Scholar 

Mezhov V, Segan JD, Tran H, Cicuttini FM. Antiphospholipid syndrome: a clinical review. Med J Aust. 2019;211:184–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Signorelli F, Nogueira F, Domingues V, Mariz HA, Levy RA. Thrombotic events in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome treated with rivaroxaban: a series of eight cases. Clin Rheumatol. 2016;35:801–5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Branch2 CH and W. Diagnosis and management of antiphospholipid syndrome. Hosp Pract. 2019;29:325–33.

Google Scholar 

Miyakis S, Lockshin MD, Atsumi T, Branch DW, Brey RL, Cervera R, et al. International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). J Thromb Haemost. 2006;4:295–306.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Uludag G, Onghanseng N, Tran ANT, Hassan M, Halim MS, Sepah YJ et al. Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of antiphospholipid syndrome and ocular manifestations. J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect; 2021;11.

Tumian NR, Hunt BJ. Clinical management of thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome. J Clin Med. 2022;11:1–13.

Article  Google Scholar 

Dieudonné Y, Guffroy A, Poindron V, Sprauel PS, Martin T, Korganow AS et al. B cells in primary antiphospholipid syndrome: review and remaining challenges. Autoimmun Rev. 2021;20.

Sadik NAH, Shaker OG, Ghanem HZ, Hassan HA, Abdel-Hamid AHZ. Single-nucleotide polymorphism of toll-like receptor 4 and interleukin-10 in response to interferon-based therapy in Egyptian chronic hepatitis C patients. Arch Virol Springer Vienna. 2015;160:2181–95.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Anderson KV, Bokla L, Nüsslein-Volhard C. Establishment of dorsal-ventral polarity in the drosophila embryo: the induction of polarity by the toll gene product. Cell. 1985;42:791–8.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Bauer S, Gunther H. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and innate immunity contributors. Handb Exp Pharmacol 183. 2008.

Wang Y, Song E, Bai B, Vanhoutte PM. Toll-like receptors mediating vascular malfunction: Lessons from receptor subtypes. Pharmacol Ther [Internet]. Elsevier Inc.; 2016;158:91–100. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.12.005

Wong SW, Kwon MJ, Choi AMK, Kim HP, Nakahira K, Hwang DH. Fatty acids modulate toll-like receptor 4 activation through regulation of receptor dimerization and recruitment into lipid rafts in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner. J Biol Chem. 2009;284:27384–92.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Gao W, Xiong Y, Li Q, Yang H. Inhibition of toll-like receptor signaling as a promising therapy for inflammatory diseases: a journey from molecular to nano therapeutics. Front Physiol. 2017;8.

Akira S, Uematsu S, Takeuchi O. Pathogen recognition and innate immunity. Cell. 2006;124:783–801.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Isaza-Correa JM, Liang Z, Van Den Berg A, Diepstra A, Visser L. Toll-like receptors in the pathogenesis of human B cell malignancies. J Hematol Oncol. 2014;7:1–10.

Article  Google Scholar 

Singh K, Kant S, Singh VK, Agrawal NK, Gupta SK, Singh K. Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms and their haplotypes modulate the risk of developing diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes patients. Mol Vis. 2014;20:704–13.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pope RM, Huang QQ. The role of toll-like receptors in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2009;11:357–64.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Jialal I, Kaur H, Devaraj S. Toll-like receptor status in obesity and metabolic syndrome: a translational perspective. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2014;99:39–48.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Devaraj S, Yun JM, Duncan-Staley CR, Jialal I. Low vitamin d levels correlate with the proinflammatory state in type 1 diabetic subjects with and without microvascular complications. Am J Clin Pathol. 2011;135:429–33.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Barinotti A, Radin M, Cecchi I, Foddai SG, Rubini E, Roccatello D, et al. Genetic factors in antiphospholipid syndrome: preliminary experience with whole exome sequencing. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21:1–17.

Article  Google Scholar 

Satta N, Kruithof EKO, Fickentscher C, Dunoyer-Geindre S, Boehlen F, Reber G, et al. Toll-like receptor 2 mediates the activation of human monocytes and endothelial cells by antiphospholipid antibodies. Blood. 2011;117:5523–31.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Raschi E, Borghi MO, Grossi C, Broggini V, Pierangeli S, Meroni PL. Toll-like receptors: another player in the pathogenesis of the anti-phospholipid syndrome. Lupus. 2008;17:937–42.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Pierangeli SS, Vega-Ostertag ME, Raschi E, Liu X, Romay-Penabad Z, De Micheli V, et al. Toll-like receptor and antiphospholipid mediated thrombosis: in vivo studies. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007;66:1327–33.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Oosting M, Cheng SC, Bolscher JM, Vestering-Stenger R, Plantinga TS, Verschueren IC, et al. Human TLR10 is an anti-inflammatory pattern-recognition receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111:E4478–84.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Mahdy SH, Abd Elkader NM, Kassim NA, ElHady MM. Genetic variation in toll-like receptor 4 gene with primary antiphospholipid syndrome susceptibility: a cohort of Egyptian patients. Egypt J Med Hum Genet. 2022;23.

AL-Tabbakh M, El Sawy A-SS, EL-Melouk RS. Polymorphism in toll-like receptor 10 and Tuberculosis Susceptibility in Egyptian Population. Egypt J Med Microbiol. 2021;30:139–44.

Article  Google Scholar 

Bradacova P, Slavik L, Ulehlova J, Skoumalova A, Ullrychova J, Prochazkova J, et al. Current promising biomarkers and methods in the diagnostics of antiphospholipid syndrome: a review. Biomedicines. 2021;9:1–15.

Article  Google Scholar 

Kızıldağ S, Arslan S, Özbilüm N, Engin A, Bakır M. Effect of TLR10 (2322A/G, 720A/C, and 992T/A) polymorphisms on the pathogenesis of Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever disease. J Med Virol. 2018;90:19–25.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cavazzana I, Andreoli L, Limper M, Franceschini F, Tincani A. Update on Antiphospholipid Syndrome: ten topics in 2017. Curr Rheumatol Rep Curr Rheumatol Rep; 2018;20.

Farrugia M, Baron B. The Role of Toll-Like Receptors in Autoimmune Diseases through Failure of the Self-Recognition Mechanism. Int J Inflam. 2017;2017.

El-Zayat SR, Sibaii H, Mannaa FA. Toll-like receptors activation, signaling, and targeting: an overview. Bull Natl Res Cent. Bulletin of the National Research Centre; 2019;43.

Chuang TH, Ulevitch RJ. Identification of hTLR10: a novel human toll-like receptor preferentially expressed in immune cells. Biochim Biophys Acta - Gene Struct Expr. 2001;1518:157–61.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Park HJ, Hahn WH, Suh JS, Kim MJ, Kang SW, Lee JS, et al. Association between toll-like receptor 10 (TLR10) gene polymorphisms and childhood IgA nephropathy. Eur J Pediatr. 2011;170:503–9.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Govindaraj RG, Manavalan B, Lee G, Choi S. Molecular modeling-based evaluation of hTLR10 and identification of potential ligands in toll-like receptor signaling. PLoS ONE. 2010;5:1–13.

Article  Google Scholar 

Su SB, Tao L, Deng ZP, Chen W, Qin SY, Jiang HX. TLR10: insights, controversies and potential utility as a therapeutic target. Scand J Immunol. 2021;93:1–15.

Article  Google Scholar 

Palli E, Kravvariti E, Tektonidou MG. Type I interferon signature in primary antiphospholipid syndrome: clinical and laboratory associations. Front Immunol. 2019;10:1–7.

Article  Google Scholar 

Arreola-Diaz R, Majluf-Cruz A, Sanchez-Torres LE, Hernandez-Juarez J. The pathophysiology of the antiphospholipid syndrome: a perspective from the blood Coagulation System. Clin Appl Thromb. 2022;28.

Islabão AG, Trindade VC, da Mota LMH, Andrade DCO, Silva CA. Managing Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Children and Adolescents: Current and Future Prospects. Pediatr Drugs [Internet]. Springer International Publishing; 2022;24:13–27. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40272-021-00484-w

Knight JS, Kanthi Y. Mechanisms of immunothrombosis and vasculopathy in antiphospholipid syndrome. Semin Immunopathol [Internet]. Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 2022; Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-022-00916-w

Hurst J, Lorenz M, Prinz N, Von Landenberg P. The roll of toll-like receptors in the antiphospholipid syndrome. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2010;12:58–63.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Mukherjee S, Huda S, Sinha Babu SP. Toll-like receptor polymorphism in host immune response to infectious diseases: a review. Scand J Immunol. 2019;90:1–18.

Article