Yamada Y, Kobayashi T, Condo A, et al. Prevalence of frailty and prefrailty in people with human immunodeficiency virus aged 50 or older: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2022;9:ofac129. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac129.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Piggott DA, Erlandson KM, Yarasheski KE. Frailty in HIV: epidemiology, biology, measurement, interventions, and research needs. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2016;13:340–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-016-0334-8.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Peklar J, O’Halloran AM, Maidment ID, et al. Sedative load and frailty among community-dwelling population aged ≥65 years. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2015;16(4):282–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2014.10.010.
Wu C-S, Tseng H-Y, Lee C-Y, et al. Interactions of insomnia and sedative-hypnotic drug use associated with frailty over time among older adults. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2023;31(6):438–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2023.01.028.
Bergen AW, Cil G, Sargent LJ, et al. Frailty risks of prescription analgesics and sedatives across frailty models: the health and retirement study. Drugs Aging. 2022;39(5):377–87. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40266-022-00941-2.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Reallon E, Chavent B, Gervais F, et al. Medication exposure and frailty in older community-dwelling patients: a cross-sectional study. Int J Clin Pharm. 2020;42:508–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-020-01007-2.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Ibrahim GM, Rutka JT, Snead OC. Network analysis reveals patterns of antiepileptic drug use in children with medically intractable epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2013;28:22–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.03.030.
Cavallo P, Pagano S, Boccia G, et al. Network analysis of drug prescriptions. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2013;22(2):130–7. https://doi.org/10.1002/pds.3384.
Askar M, Cañadas RN, Svendsen K. An introduction to network analysis for studies of medication use. Res Social Adm Pharm. 2021;17(12):2054–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sapharm.2021.06.021.
Bazzoni G, Marengoni A, Tettamanti M, et al. The Drug prescription network: a system-level view of drug co-prescription in community-dwelling elderly people. Rejuvenation Res. 2015;18(2):153–61. https://doi.org/10.1089/rej.2014.1628.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Dara ON, Ibrahim AA, Mohammed TA. Advancing medical imaging: detecting polypharmacy and adverse drug effects with Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN). BMC Med Imaging. 2024;24:174. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12880-024-01349-7.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Rasmussen LD, Obel D, Kronborg G, et al. Utilization of psychotropic drugs prescribed to persons with and without HIV infection: a Danish nationwide population-based cohort study. HIV Med. 2014;15(8):458–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.12135.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Ayuso JL. Use of psychotropic drugs in patients with HIV infection. Drugs. 1994;47:599–610. https://doi.org/10.2165/00003495-199447040-00004.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Ailabouni N, Mangin D, Nishtala P. DEFEAT-polypharmacy: Deprescribing anticholinergic and sedative medicines feasibility trial in residential aged care facilities. Int J Clin Pharm. 2019;41:167–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-019-00784-9.
Neville HL, Shaw J, VanIderstine C, et al. Environmental scan of current strategies to decrease sedative-hypnotic drug use and promote sleep in hospital patients. Int J Clin Pharm. 2023;45:1062–73. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-023-01632-7.
Mayo NE, Brouillette M-J, Fellows LK. Understanding and optimizing brain health in HIV now: protocol for a longitudinal cohort study with multiple randomized controlled trials. BMC Neurol. 2016;16:8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-016-0527-1.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Mayo NE, Brouillette M-J, Scott SC, et al. Relationships between cognition, function, and quality of life among HIV+ Canadian men. Qual Life Res. 2020;29:37–55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-019-02291-w.
Linjakumpu T, Hartikainen S, Klaukka T, et al. A model to classify the sedative load of drugs. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2003;18(6):542–4. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.846.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Linjakumpu TA, Hartikainen SA, Klaukka TJ, et al. Sedative drug use in the home-dwelling elderly. Ann Pharmacother. 2004;38(12):2017–22. https://doi.org/10.1345/aph.1E067.
Pathai S, Bajillan H, Landay AL, et al. Is HIV a model of accelerated or accentuated aging? J Gerontol Ser A. 2014;69:833–42. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glt168.
Vinuesa-Hernando JM, Gimeno-Gracia M, Malo S, et al. Potentially inappropriate prescriptions and therapeutic complexity in older HIV patients with comorbidities. Int J Clin Pharm. 2021;43:1245–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11096-021-01242-1.
Michael HU, Brouillette M-J, Tamblyn R, et al. Cognitive impact of anticholinergic and sedative burden in people with HIV. AIDS. 2024;38(13):1819–28. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000003966.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Michael HU, Brouillette M-J, Tamblyn R, et al. The association between anticholinergic/sedative burden and physical frailty in people aging with HIV. AIDS. 2024;38(4):509–19. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000003806.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Inceer M, Brouillette M-J, Fellows LK, et al. Factors partitioning physical frailty in people aging with HIV: a classification and regression tree approach. HIV Med. 2022;23(7):738–49. https://doi.org/10.1111/hiv.13236.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Bedru HD, Yu S, Xiao X, et al. Big networks: a survey. Comput Sci Rev. 2020;37: 100247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosrev.2020.100247.
Girvan M, Newman MEJ. Community structure in social and biological networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2002;99(12):7821–6. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.122653799.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Martin C, Niemeyer P. On the impact of network size and average degree on the robustness of centrality measures. Netw Sci. 2021;9(S1):S61–82. https://doi.org/10.1017/nws.2020.37.
Newman MEJ. Measures and metrics: an introduction to some standard measures and metrics for quantifying network structure, many of which were introduced first in the study of social networks, although they are now in wide use in many other areas, Networks: An Introduction, 1st edn (Oxford, 2010; online edn, Oxford Academic, 2010), https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199206650.003.0007. Accessed 24 May 2025.
Hevey D. Network analysis: a brief overview and tutorial. Health Psychol Behav Med. 2018;6(1):301–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/21642850.2018.1521283.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Martinez-De la Torre A, van Weenen E, Kraus M, et al. A Network analysis of drug combinations associated with acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP). J Clin Med. 2021;10(19):4486. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10194486.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Norén GN, Hopstadius J, Bate A. Shrinkage observed-to-expected ratios for robust and transparent large-scale pattern discovery. Stat Methods Med Res. 2013;22(1):57–69. https://doi.org/10.1177/0962280211403604.
Comments (0)