Keel PK, Forney KJ. Psychosocial risk factors for eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord. 2013;46(5):433–39.
Fairburn CG. Cognitive behavior therapy and eating disorders. London: Guilford Press; 2008.
Wonderlich SA, Peterson CB, Smith TL. Integrative cognitive-affective therapy for bulimia nervosa: A treatment manual. New York: Guilford Press; 2015.
Muratore AF, Lowe MR. Why is premorbid BMI consistently elevated in clinical samples, but not in risk factor samples, of individuals with eating disorders? Int J Eat Disord. 2019;52(2):117–20.
Fairburn CG, Welch SL, Doll HA, Davies BA, O’Connor ME. Risk factors for bulimia nervosa: A community-based case-control study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1997;54(6):509–17.
Shaw JA, Herzog DB, Clark VL, Berner LA, Eddy KT, Franko DL, Lowe MR. Elevated pre-morbid weights in bulimic individuals are usually surpassed post-morbidly: implications for perpetuation of the disorder. Int J Eat Disord. 2012;45(4):512–23.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Chen JY, Berner LA, Brown TA, Wierenga CE, Kaye WH. Associations of elevated weight status with symptom severity and treatment outcomes in binge/purge eating disorders. Int J Eat Disord. 2021;54(4):621–6.
Gendall KA, Bulik CM, Sullivan PF, Joyce PR, McIntosh VV, Carter FA. Body weight in bulimia nervosa. Eat Weight Disord. 1999;4(4):157–64.
Wong V, Singh S, Lowe MR. A comparison of developmental and traditional measures of weight suppression in residential patients with bulimia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord. 2023;56(2):446–51.
Burnette CB, Simpson CC, Mazzeo SE. Exploring gender differences in the link between weight suppression and eating pathology. Eat Behav. 2017;27:17–22.
Lowe MR, Thomas JG, Safer DL, Butryn ML. The relationship of weight suppression and dietary restraint to binge eating in bulimia nervosa. Int J Eat Disord. 2007;40(7):640–4.
Lowe MR, Annunziato RA, Markowitz JT, Didie E, Bellace DL, Riddell L, et al. Multiple types of dieting prospectively predict weight gain during the freshman year of college. Appetite. 2006;47(1):83–90.
Lowe MR, Davis W, Lucks D, Annunziato R, Butryn M. Weight suppression predicts weight gain during inpatient treatment of bulimia nervosa. Physiol Behav. 2006;87(3):487–92.
Stice E, Rohde P, Shaw H, Desjardins C. Weight suppression increases odds for future onset of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and purging disorder, but not binge eating disorder. Am J Clin Nutr. 2020;112(4):941–7.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Keel PK, Heatherton TF. Weight suppression predicts maintenance and onset of bulimic syndromes at 10-year follow-up. J Abnorm Psychol. 2010;119(2):268.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Bodell LP, Brown TA, Keel PK. Weight suppression predicts bulimic symptoms at 20-year follow-up: the mediating role of drive for thinness. J Abnorm Psychol. 2017;126(1):32.
Zanetti T, Santonastaso P, Sgaravatti E, Degortes D, Favaro A. Clinical and temperamental correlates of body image disturbance in eating disorders. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2013;21(1):32–7.
Butryn ML, Juarascio A, Lowe MR. The relation of weight suppression and BMI to bulimic symptoms. Int J Eat Disord. 2011;44(7):612–7.
Butryn ML, Lowe MR, Safer DL, Agras WS. Weight suppression is a robust predictor of outcome in the cognitive-behavioral treatment of bulimia nervosa. J Abnorm Psychol. 2006;115(1):62.
Carter FA, McIntosh VV, Joyce PR, Bulik CM. Weight suppression predicts weight gain over treatment but not treatment completion or outcome in bulimia nervosa. J Abnorm Psychol. 2008;117(4):936.
Meule A, Dieffenbacher AL, Kolar DR, Voderholzer U. Weight suppression, binge eating, and purging as predictors of weight gain during inpatient treatment in persons with bulimia nervosa. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2025. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.3197.
Herzog DB, Thomas JG, Kass AE, Eddy KT, Franko DL, Lowe MR. Weight suppression predicts weight change over 5 years in bulimia nervosa. Psychiatry Res. 2010;177(3):330–4.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Doucet E, Imbeault P, St-Pierre S, Almeras N, Mauriege P, Richard D, et al. Appetite after weight loss by energy restriction and a low-fat diet–exercise follow-up. Int J Obes. 2000;24(7):906–14.
Hintze LJ, Mahmoodianfard S, Auguste CB, Doucet É. Weight loss and appetite control in women. Curr Obes Rep. 2017;6(3):334–51.
Leibel RL, Rosenbaum M, Hirsch J. Changes in energy expenditure resulting from altered body weight. N Engl J Med. 1995;332(10):621–8.
Rosenbaum M, Sy M, Pavlovich K, Leibel RL, Hirsch J. Leptin reverses weight loss–induced changes in regional neural activity responses to visual food stimuli. J Clin Invest. 2008;118(7):2583–91.
PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Van Baak MA, Mariman ECM. Obesity-induced and weight-loss-induced physiological factors affecting weight regain. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2023;19(11):655–70.
Lowe MR, Piers AD, Benson L. Weight suppression in eating disorders: A research and conceptual update. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2018;20(10):1–12.
Lowe MR, Singh S, Rosenbaum M, Mayer L. Physiological, body composition, and body mass measures show that a developmental measure of weight suppression is more valid than the traditional measure. Int J Eat Disord. 2024;57(7):1599–608.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Bodell LP, Keel PK. Weight suppression in bulimia nervosa: associations with biology and behavior. J Abnorm Psychol. 2015;124(4):994.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Bulik CM, Sullivan PF, Carter FA, Joyce PR. Initial manifestations of disordered eating behavior: dieting versus binging. Int J Eat Disord. 1997;22(2):195–201.
Stice E, Davis K, Miller NP, Marti CN. Fasting increases risk for onset of binge eating and bulimic pathology: a 5-year prospective study. J Abnorm Psychol. 2008;117(4):941.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Haiman C, Devlin MJ. Binge eating before the onset of dieting: A distinct subgroup of bulimia nervosa? Int J Eat Disord. 1999;25(2):151–7.
Hilbert A, Pike KM, Goldschmidt AB, Wilfley DE, Fairburn CG, Dohm FA, et al. Risk factors across the eating disorders. Psychiatry Res. 2014;220(1–2):500–6.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Mussell MP, Mitchell JE, Weller CL, Raymond NC, Crow SJ, Crosby RD. Onset of binge eating, dieting, obesity, and mood disorders among subjects seeking treatment for binge eating disorder. Int J Eat Disord. 1995;17(4):395–401.
Wilson GT, Nonas CA, Rosenblum GD. Assessment of binge eating in obese patients. Int J Eat Disord. 1993;13(1):25–33.
Comments (0)