Yáñez-Mó, M. et al. Biological properties of extracellular vesicles and their physiological functions. J. Extracell. Vesicles 4, 27066 (2015).

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Akers, J. C., Gonda, D., Kim, R., Carter, B. S. & Chen, C. C. Biogenesis of extracellular vesicles (EV): exosomes, microvesicles, retrovirus-like vesicles, and apoptotic bodies. J. Neurooncol. 113, 1–11 (2013).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Colombo, M., Raposo, G. & Théry, C. Biogenesis, secretion, and intercellular interactions of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 30, 255–289 (2014).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Théry, C. et al. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines. J. Extracell. Vesicles 7, 1535750 (2018).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Liu, Z. et al. Extracellular vesicles: a potential future strategy for dental and maxillofacial tissue repair and regeneration. Front. Physiol. 13, 1012241 (2022).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Jiang, N. et al. Exosomes mediate epithelium-mesenchyme crosstalk in organ development. ACS Nano 11, 7736–7746 (2017).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hayashi, T., Lombaert, I. M. A., Hauser, B. R., Patel, V. N. & Hoffman, M. P. Exosomal MicroRNA transport from salivary mesenchyme regulates epithelial progenitor expansion during organogenesis. Dev. Cell 40, 95–103 (2017).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dickman, C. T. D. et al. Selective extracellular vesicle exclusion of miR-142-3p by oral cancer cells promotes both internal and extracellular malignant phenotypes. Oncotarget 8, 15252–15266 (2017).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cai, J., Qiao, B., Gao, N., Lin, N. & He, W. Oral squamous cell carcinoma-derived exosomes promote M2 subtype macrophage polarization mediated by exosome-enclosed miR-29a-3p. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 316, C731–C740 (2019).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jiang, E. et al. Tumoral microvesicle-activated glycometabolic reprogramming in fibroblasts promotes the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma. FASEB J. 33, 5690–5703 (2019).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sun, L.-P. et al. Cancer‑associated fibroblast‑derived exosomal miR‑382‑5p promotes the migration and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol. Rep. 42, 1319–1328 (2019).

CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mirzaei, R. et al. The pathogenic, therapeutic and diagnostic role of exosomal microRNA in the autoimmune diseases. J. Neuroimmunol. 358, 577640 (2021).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Aqrawi, L. A. et al. Identification of potential saliva and tear biomarkers in primary Sjögren’s syndrome, utilising the extraction of extracellular vesicles and proteomics analysis. Arthritis Res. Ther. 19, 14 (2017).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Byun, J.-S., Hong, S.-H., Choi, J.-K., Jung, J.-K. & Lee, H.-J. Diagnostic profiling of salivary exosomal microRNAs in oral lichen planus patients. Oral. Dis. 21, 987–993 (2015).

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Han, P., Bartold, P. M., Salomon, C. & Ivanovski, S. Salivary small extracellular vesicles associated miRNAs in periodontal status-a pilot study. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21, 2809 (2020).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zlotogorski-Hurvitz, A., Dayan, D., Chaushu, G., Salo, T. & Vered, M. Morphological and molecular features of oral fluid-derived exosomes: oral cancer patients versus healthy individuals. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 142, 101–110 (2016).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Huang, C.-C., Narayanan, R., Alapati, S. & Ravindran, S. Exosomes as biomimetic tools for stem cell differentiation: applications in dental pulp tissue regeneration. Biomaterials 111, 103–115 (2016).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Balic, A. Concise review: cellular and molecular mechanisms regulation of tooth initiation. Stem Cells 37, 26–32 (2019).

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang, S. et al. Exosome-like vesicles derived from Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath cells promote the regeneration of dentin-pulp tissue. Theranostics 10, 5914–5931 (2020).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sjöqvist, S. et al. Exosomes derived from clinical-grade oral mucosal epithelial cell sheets promote wound healing. J. Extracell. Vesicles 8, 1565264 (2019).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kapsogeorgou, E. K., Abu-Helu, R. F., Moutsopoulos, H. M. & Manoussakis, M. N. Salivary gland epithelial cell exosomes: a source of autoantigenic ribonucleoproteins. Arthritis Rheum. 52, 1517–1521 (2005).

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lin, Z. et al. Differential expression of the miR-200 family microRNAs in epithelial and B cells and regulation of Epstein-Barr virus reactivation by the miR-200 family member miR-429. J. Virol. 84, 7892–7897 (2010).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lin, Z. et al. Secreted oral epithelial cell membrane vesicles induce epstein-barr virus reactivation in latently infected B cells. J. Virol. 90, 3469–3479 (2016).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wang, Y. et al. Exosomes from EV71-infected oral epithelial cells can transfer miR-30a to promote EV71 infection. Oral. Dis. 26, 778–788 (2020).

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Elsayed, R. et al. Microbially-induced exosomes from dendritic cells promote paracrine immune senescence: novel mechanism of bone degenerative disease in mice. Aging Dis. 14, 136–151 (2023).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

El-Awady, A. R., Elashiry, M., Morandini, A. C., Meghil, M. M. & Cutler, C. W. Dendritic cells a critical link to alveolar bone loss and systemic disease risk in periodontitis: immunotherapeutic implications. Periodontol. 2000 89, 41–50 (2022).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Elsayed, R. et al. Porphyromonas gingivalis provokes exosome secretion and paracrine immune senescence in Bystander dendritic cells. Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol. 11, 669989 (2021).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Gallo, A. et al. Targeting the Ca(2+) sensor STIM1 by exosomal transfer of Ebv-miR-BART13-3p is associated with Sjögren’s syndrome. EBioMedicine 10, 216–226 (2016).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cortes-Troncoso, J. et al. T cell exosome-derived miR-142-3p impairs glandular cell function in Sjögren’s syndrome. JCI Insight. 5, e133497 (2020).

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yang, J.-Y. et al. T cell-derived exosomes induced macrophage inflammatory protein-1α/β drive the trafficking of CD8+ T cells in oral lichen planus. J. Cell Mol. Med. 24, 14086–14098 (2020).

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar