Department of Urology and Andrology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan

Ryoichi Saito, Takeshi Sano & Hidefumi Kinoshita

Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan

Ryoichi Saito & Takeshi Sano

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan

Rikiya Taoka & Hirohito Naito

Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Jun Miki, Wataru Fukuokaya, Fumihiko Urabe & Keiji Yasue

Department of Urology, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan

Jun Miki & Wataru Fukuokaya

Department of Urology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

Yoshiyuki Matsui & Ayumu Matsuda

Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan

Shingo Hatakeyama

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Takashi Kawahara & Hiroyuki Nishiyama

Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

Taketo Kawai

Department of Urology, International University of Health and Welfare Ichikawa Hospital, Ichikawa, Japan

Taketo Kawai

Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

Tomokazu Sazuka

Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan

Minoru Kato

Department of Urology, Jikei University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

Fumihiko Urabe

Department of Urology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan

Soki Kashima

Department of Urology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Okayama, Japan

Hirohito Naito

Department of Urology, Graduate School of Life Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan

Yoji Murakami

Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan

Makito Miyake

Department of Urology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan

Kei Daizumoto

Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan

Yuto Matsushita

Department of Urology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan

Takuji Hayashi

Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

Junichi Inokuchi

Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Ginowan, Japan

Junichi Inokuchi & Shotaro Nakanishi

Department of Nephro-Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan

Yusuke Sugino & Sho Sekito

Department of Urology, Harasanshin General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan

Kenichiro Shiga

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan

Noriya Yamaguchi

Department of Urology, Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo, Japan

Shingo Yamamoto

Department of Urology, The Jikei University Katsushika Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan

Keiji Yasue

Department of Renal and Genitourinary Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan

Takashige Abe

Department of Urology, National Hospital Organization Shikoku Cancer Center, Ehime, Japan

Katsuyoshi Hashine

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan

Masato Fujii

Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan

Kiyoaki Nishihara

Department of Urology Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan

Hiroaki Matsumoto

Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan

Shuichi Tatarano

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan

Koichiro Wada & Sho Sekito

Department of Urology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Aichi, Japan

Ryo Maruyama

Department of Urology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan

Naotaka Nishiyama

Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan

Hiroshi Kitamura

Conceptualization, Methodology, and Data analysis: Ryoichi Saito, Rikiya Taoka, Wataru Fukuokaya, and Jun Miki. Writing—original draft preparation: Ryoichi Saito; Writing—review and editing: all the authors; Supervision: Naotaka Nishiyama, Hiroyuki Nishiyama, Hiroshi Kitamura, and Hidefumi Kinoshita.