Yeghiazarians Y, Jneid H, Tietjens JR, Redline S, Brown DL, El-Sherif N et al (2021) Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 144:e56–e67. https://doi.org/10.1161/cir.0000000000000988

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tietjens JR, Claman D, Kezirian EJ, De Marco T, Mirzayan A, Sadroonri B et al (2019) Obstructive sleep apnea in Cardiovascular Disease: a review of the literature and proposed Multidisciplinary Clinical Management Strategy. J Am Heart Assoc 8:e010440. https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.118.010440

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Aminian A, Wang L, Al Jabri A, Wilson R, Bena J, Milinovich A et al (2024) Adverse Cardiovascular outcomes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and obesity: metabolic surgery vs Usual Care. J Am Coll Cardiol 84:1047–1060. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2024.06.008

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

McEvoy RD, Antic NA, Heeley E, Luo Y, Ou Q, Zhang X et al (2016) CPAP for Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in obstructive sleep apnea. N Engl J Med 375:919–931. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1606599

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sánchez-de-la-Torre M, Sánchez-de-la-Torre A, Bertran S, Abad J, Duran-Cantolla J, Cabriada V et al (2020) Effect of obstructive sleep apnoea and its treatment with continuous positive airway pressure on the prevalence of cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ISAACC study): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med 8:359–367. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2213-2600(19)30271-1

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Peker Y, Thunström E, Glantz H, Eulenburg C (2020) Effect of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and CPAP Treatment on Cardiovascular outcomes in Acute Coronary Syndrome in the RICCADSA Trial. J Clin Med 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9124051

Zinchuk AV, Kushida CA, Walker A, Wellman A, Azarbarzin A, Alex RM et al (2024) Arousal threshold modifies the effect of CPAP on executive function among individuals with obstructive sleep apnea. Eur Respir J. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01183-2024

Article  Google Scholar 

de Batlle J, Gracia-Lavedán E, Escarrabill J, García-Altés A, Martinez Carbonell E, Henríquez-Beltrán M et al (2024) Effect of CPAP Treatment on Cardiovascular outcomes. Arch Bronconeumol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arbres.2024.05.029

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wadström BN, Pedersen KM, Wulff AB, Nordestgaard BG (2023) Elevated remnant cholesterol, plasma triglycerides, and cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality. Eur Heart J 44:1432–1445. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehac822

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hao QY, Gao JW, Yuan ZM, Gao M, Wang JF, Schiele F et al (2022) Remnant cholesterol and the risk of coronary artery calcium progression: insights from the CARDIA and MESA Study. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 15:e014116. https://doi.org/10.1161/circimaging.122.014116

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zafrir B, Khoury R, Saliba W (2023) Remnant cholesterol and risk of myocardial infarction in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing revascularization. J Clin Lipidol 17:332–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacl.2023.03.009

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Navarese EP, Vine D, Proctor S, Grzelakowska K, Berti S, Kubica J et al (2023) Independent causal effect of remnant cholesterol on atherosclerotic Cardiovascular outcomes: a mendelian randomization study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 43:e373–e380. https://doi.org/10.1161/atvbaha.123.319297

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhou Y, Madsen JM, Özbek BT, Køber L, Bang LE, Lønborg JT et al (2024) The role of remnant cholesterol in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Eur J Prev Cardiol 31:1227–1237. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwae102

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wu W, Chen G, Wu K, Zheng H, Chen Y, Wang X et al (2023) Cumulative exposure to high remnant-cholesterol concentrations increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with hypertension: a prospective cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 22:258. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-023-01984-4

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tada H, Kaneko H, Suzuki Y, Okada A, Takeda N, Fujiu K et al (2024) Association between remnant cholesterol and incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. J Clin Lipidol 18:3–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacl.2023.10.006

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lee JH, Ahn SG, Jeon HS, Lee JW, Youn YJ, Lee YJ et al (2024) Remnant cholesterol as a residual risk in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease patients under statin-based lipid-lowering therapy: a post hoc analysis of the RACING trial. J Clin Lipidol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacl.2024.07.005

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bafei SEC, Zhao X, Chen C, Sun J, Zhuang Q, Lu X et al (2023) Interactive effect of increased high sensitive C-reactive protein and dyslipidemia on cardiovascular diseases: a 12-year prospective cohort study. Lipids Health Dis 22:95. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-023-01836-w

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhou XD, Chen QF, Targher G, Byrne CD, Shapiro MD, Tian N et al (2024) High-sensitivity C-Reactive protein is Associated with Heart failure hospitalization in patients with metabolic dysfunction-Associated fatty liver Disease and Normal Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction undergoing coronary angiography. J Am Heart Assoc 13:e032997. https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.123.032997

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Varbo A, Benn M, Tybjærg-Hansen A, Nordestgaard BG (2013) Elevated remnant cholesterol causes both low-grade inflammation and ischemic heart disease, whereas elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol causes ischemic heart disease without inflammation. Circulation 128:1298–1309. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.113.003008

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Scimeca M, Montanaro M, Cardellini M, Bonfiglio R, Anemona L, Urbano N et al (2021) High sensitivity C-Reactive protein increases the risk of Carotid Plaque instability in male dyslipidemic patients. Diagnostics (Basel). 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11112117

Elías-López D, Doi T, Nordestgaard BG, Kobylecki CJ (2024) Remnant cholesterol and low-grade inflammation jointly in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: implications for clinical trials. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 27:125–135. https://doi.org/10.1097/mco.0000000000000999

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang X, Fan J, Guo R, Hao W, Gong W, Yan Y et al (2023) Association of obstructive sleep apnoea with cardiovascular events in women and men with acute coronary syndrome. Eur Respir J 61. https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01110-2022

Fan J, Wang X, Ma X, Somers VK, Nie S, Wei Y (2019) Association of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Cardiovascular outcomes in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. J Am Heart Assoc 8:e010826. https://doi.org/10.1161/jaha.118.010826

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Doi T, Langsted A, Nordestgaard BG (2022) Elevated remnant cholesterol reclassifies risk of Ischemic Heart Disease and myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 79:2383–2397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2022.03.384

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Berry RB, Brooks R, Gamaldo CE, Harding SM, Lloyd RM, Marcus CL et al (2017),. The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events, version 2.;:.

Sanchez-Azofra A, Gu W, Masso-Silva JA, Sanz-Rubio D, Marin-Oto M, Cubero P et al (2023) Inflammation biomarkers in OSA, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/OSA overlap syndrome. J Clin Sleep Med 19:1447–1456. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.10600

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Imani MM, Sadeghi M, Farokhzadeh F, Khazaie H, Brand S, Dürsteler KM et al (2021) Evaluation of blood levels of C-Reactive protein marker in obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review, Meta-analysis and Meta-regression. Life (Basel). 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11040362

Wang J, Xu H, Guo C, Duan X, Hu F, Yang W et al (2020) Association between severity of obstructive sleep apnea and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Clin Cardiol 43:803–811. https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.23385

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Li C, Peng Y, Zhu X, Liu Y, Zou J, Zhu H et al (2024) Independent relationship between sleep apnea-specific hypoxic burden and glucolipid metabolism disorder: a cross-sectional study. Respir Res 25:214. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12931-024-02846-7

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pan X, Zhang X, Wu X, Zhao Y, Li Y, Chen Z et al (2024) Association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and obstructive sleep apnea: a cross-sectional study from NHANES. Lipids Health Dis 23:209. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-024-02195-w

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hjertvikrem N, Brørs G, Instenes I, Helmark C, Pettersen TR, Rotevatn S et al (2024) Use of health services and perceived need for information and follow-up after percutaneous coronary intervention. BMC Res Notes 17:20. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-023-06662-y

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central