Bernadett E. Szabados reports receiving honoraria from Ellipses Pharma, Genentech, Ipsen, Merck, and Roche, J&J, and Photocure and institutional research funding from Roche. Felix Guerrero-Ramos reports receiving research support and/or serving as a principal investigator for Johnson & Johnson, Pfizer, Taris, BMS, Roche, Seagen, AstraZeneca, Combat Medical, Cepheid, Fidia, Astellas, UroGen, and MSD; being an employee of SERMAS (Servicio Madrileño de Salud), a consultant for Johnson & Johnson, Pfizer, Merck, Roche, Taris, Combat Medical, AstraZeneca, MSD, and BMS, and a stockholder of CG Oncology; serving on a speaker bureau for Janssen, Nucleix, MSD, Pfizer, Merck, BMS, AstraZeneca, Palex, Combat Medical, Johnson & Johnson, Recordati and on a scientific advisory board for AstraZeneca, BMS, Combat Medical, Johnson & Johnson, Nucleix, Pfizer, Taris, Roche, MSD; and receiving travel support from Pfizer, Recordati, Ipsen, Combat Medical, Alter, Salvat, Nucleix, AstraZeneca, Fidia, Johnson & Johnson and manuscript support from Pfizer, Janssen, Combat Medical, AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson, and BMS. Enrique Grande reports honoraria from AbbVie, Adium, Advanced Accelerator Applications, AMGEN, Angelini, Astellas, AstraZeneca, AVEO, Bayer, Blueprint, Bristol Myers Squibb, Clovis-Oncology, Dr. Reddy’s, Eisai, Esteve, Eusa Pharma, GSK, IPSEN, ITM-Radiopharma, Janssen, Lilly, Merck KGaA, MSD, Novartis, ONCODNA (Biosequence), Palex, Pfizer, Raffo, Roche, Tecnofarma, Thermo Fisher Scientific, and Zodiac; has received institutional research funding from Astellas, AstraZeneca, IPSEN, Lexicon, Merck KGaA, MTEM/Threshold/Tersera, Nanostring Technologies, Pfizer, and Roche; and has received travel and accommodation expenses from Bristol Myers Squibb, Ipsen, Janssen, Pfizer, and Roche/Genentech. Enrique Grande is an Editorial Board member of Oncology and Therapy. Enrique Grande was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. Petros Grivas, in the last 2 years, reports consulting with MSD, Bristol Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, EMD Serono, Pfizer, Janssen, Roche, Astellas Pharma, Gilead Sciences, Fresenius Kabi, Strata Oncology, ImmunityBio, Asieris Pharmaceuticals, AbbVie, Bicycle Therapeutics, Replimune, and Daiichi Sankyo and research funding from Bristol Myers Squibb, MSD, QED Therapeutics, Mirati Therapeutics, EMD Serono, Gilead Sciences, Acrivon Therapeutics, ALX Oncology, and Genentech (paid to their institution). Viktor Grünwald reports receiving grants or contracts from Pfizer, AstraZeneca, BMS, and MSD; consulting fees from BMS, Pfizer, Novartis, MSD Oncology, Ipsen, Janssen-Cilag, Eisai, Debiopharm, PCI Biotech, Gilead, Cureteq, Oncorena, and Synthekine; payment or honoraria from BMS, Pfizer, Ipsen, Eisai, MSD Oncology, Merck Serono, AstraZeneca, Janssen-Cilag, AAA/Novartis, Apogepha, Ono Pharmaceutical, Astellas Pharma, and Amgen; ownership of stocks in MSD, BMS, AstraZeneca, Genmab, and Bicycle Therapeutics; travel support from Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Janssen, Merck Serono, and Ipsen; participation on a data safety monitoring board or advisory board for the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer; and a leadership role for Arbeitsgemeinschaft Internistische Onkologie of the German Cancer Society. Marta Carpintero Miguel reports no conflicts of interest. Syed A. Hussain reports consulting or an advisory role for Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Gilead Sciences, GSK, Janssen Oncology, Merck, Pfizer, Pierre Fabre, and Roche; research funding from Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen-Cilag, Pierre Fabre, and Roche; and travel, accommodation, and expenses from Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ipsen, Janssen-Cilag, Merck, MSD, Pfizer, Pierre Fabre, and Roche. Girish S. Kulkarni reports personal fees from Janssen/Johnson & Johnson, Theralase Inc, MSD, BMS, Emmanuel Merck Darmstadt Serono, Photocure, Pfizer, Advanced Accelerators Applications Novartis, Verity Pharmaceuticals, Ferring, enGene, CG Oncology, TerSera, Knight Therapeutics, AbbVie, and Tolmar, Astellas. Ana Lisa Wilson reports no conflicts of interest. Neal D. Shore reports grant support and consulting fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Astellas Pharma, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Clovis Oncology, Dendreon, Ferring, GenesisCare, Janssen Oncology, Merck, Myovant, Pfizer, Sanofi–Genzyme, and Tolmar Pharmaceuticals. Srikala S. Sridhar reports consulting or advisory role with Astellas Pharma. Mary Hoyt reports no conflicts of interest. Samantha Strumeier reports no conflicts of interest. Jennifer Sutton reports honoraria from Bayer, Janssen, Merck, and Ferring Pharmaceuticals and has served as an advisor for Bayer, Janssen, Merck, and Ferring Pharmaceuticals. Julia Brinkmann is an employee of Pfizer and owns stock in Pfizer. Rosemary E. Teresi is an employee of Pfizer and owns stock in Pfizer. Tilman Todenhöfer reports honoraria from Janssen and has served in a consultant role for MSD.

This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any new studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.